The phenomenon of exception and its levels in the linguistic lesson to Ibn Jinni (392 AH)

Abstract

This research deals with part of the linguistic thought of Ibn Jinni (392 AH), who is considered one of the knights of the Arabic language. It aims to highlight the position and approach of this genius in dealing with the phenomenon of exception in the linguistic lesson through his book Characteristics. It also attempts to distinguish between exception and other terms labeled with deviation. Deviating from the general line of linguistic use and removing the negative burden placed on linguistic exceptions in the minds of many scholars. According to Ibn Jinni, exceptions are not an urgent scientific issue that grammarians came up with to impose their rules on the language, but rather it is a linguistic phenomenon that was generated by the language itself in the stages of its development and interaction with the environment throughout the ages. Ibn Jinni did not limit himself to describing the phenomenon of exception and classifying it according to the levels of human language in Al-Khasais, but rather he tried to provide an explanation that proves that the Arabs are too smart to violate their language arbitrarily. Rather, they violate the partial rules out of consideration for the general rules of mitigating or avoiding confusion and so on.