Philosophy and Ecology The New Ecological Order by Luc Ferry and The Natural Contract by Michel Serres

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between philosophy and ecology through an analysis of two major works that have shaped contemporary ecological thought: The New Ecological Order by Luc Ferry and The Natural Contract by Michel Serres. It explores the philosophical foundations of each work and highlights their differing conceptions of the human–nature relationship. Ferry advocates a critical humanist perspective that rejects granting nature rights equivalent to those of human beings while emphasizing environmental protection within the framework of democracy and human rights. In contrast, Serres proposes a profound reconfiguration of this relationship through the concept of the "Natural Contract," calling for the recognition of nature as a partner deserving respect, legal consideration, and ethical responsibility. The study concludes that contemporary ecological philosophy oscillates between a reformist humanist approach and a radical ecocentric vision, reflecting the emergence of new ethical and philosophical paradigms for addressing the global ecological crisis