"بول ريكور" و مهمة "الأنتربولوجيا الفلسفية"

Abstract

It seems that when we speak of a "philosophical anthropology" in the work of the contemporary philosopher Paul Ricoeur, we are essentially speaking of a complete philosophical program. This program was announced from the very first pages of his book on "The Philosophy of the Will," where Ricoeur emphasized that his primary aim was to contribute to revealing "primary structures," or rather, "the fundamental capacities of humankind." It is as if "The Philosophy of the Will" is, from the outset, a plea for an anthropological perspective that would continue and expand throughout Ricoeur's later works. This perspective, according to Ricoeur, was lacking in both contemporary ontology and empirical anthropology, a deficiency that foreshadowed a crisis in the interpretation of human existence. This led Ricoeur, from the beginning, to engage in a practical philosophical project whose primary task was to defend a theory of humanity as a "mediating being," which manifests itself primarily as "an effort and desire for existence," despite the pain of finitude and fallibility, and even despite the inevitability of death and the darkness of existence. This effort is what he attempts to... The ontology of the capable human being is meant to reveal and make this human being known. It is precisely in this way that Ricoeur's philosophy as a whole calls for undertaking an urgent anthropological-philosophical task.