Le Choléra et la question sociale dans Horace de George Sand The Cholera and the Social Issue in Horace by George Sand
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: George Sand lived through two epidemics, cholera in 1832 in Paris and smallpox in 1870 in Nohant. Just as she addresses this theme of the epidemic in Histoire de ma vie, she also speaks about it in her literary work, including Horace. Within this text, Sand recounts the drama of cholera which will shake a Paris which is already at the mercy of social misery. In addition to being an opportunity to talk about this poverty of the masses that cholera will further amplify, the epidemic will be an opportunity to showcase this solidarity that France will experience and whose heroes will be especially part of the noble class where some members find themselves gifted with great freedom of mind. It is to the character of Theophilus that the author gives the honor of representing this caste and the values that she has just adopted and that she wishes to implement while profiting from the epidemic. In addition, Sand points to the positive role that the female character will play during these hard times. Like the nobility, the woman will be the friend of the people who will stretch out their hand to her, trying to help her to bring her to salvation.
RÉSUMÉ : George Sand a vécu deux épidémies, le choléra en 1832 à Paris et la variole en 1870 à Nohant. De même qu’elle aborde cette thématique de l’épidémie dans Histoire de ma vie, elle en parle également dans son œuvre littéraire dont Horace. Au sein de ce texte, Sand relate le drame du choléra qui va secouer un Paris se trouvant déjà à la merci de la misère sociale. En plus d’être une occasion de parler de cette indigence des masses que le choléra va encore amplifier, l’épidémie sera l’occasion de mettre en scène cette solidarité de la France dont les héros feront surtout partie de la classe noble où certains membres se trouvent doués d’une grande liberté d’esprit. C’est au personnage de Théophile que l’auteure donne l’honneur de représenter cette caste ainsi que les valeurs qu’elle vient d’adopter et qu’elle désire mettre en œuvre tout en tirant profit de l’épidémie. En plus, Sand pointe du doigt le rôle positif que va jouer le personnage féminin durant ces temps durs. Tout comme la noblesse, la femme sera l’amie du peuple qui lui tendra la main en essayant de le secourir pour l’amener vers le salut.
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