Contexte : Réflexion Epistémologique Renouvelée Context: Renewed Epistemological Reflection
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: Referring to the acceptance that considers context as a homogeneous environment closely related to the linguistic sign and of the same nature, to the one that perceives it as a distant and heterogeneous environment due to its composition, language sciences face epistemological changes. Faced with the abundance of definitions and theories, our reflection primarily focuses on the epistemological changes that the concept of context has undergone through the different theories that consider it as the core of their theses. Through this article, we will attempt to highlight the evolution that this concept has experienced. Thus, from the immanent approach, now considered classic or obsolete according to some linguists, to the textual and discursive approaches that are constantly evolving and proliferating, what could be the most comprehensive conception today on which specialists could agree?
RÉSUMÉ: Partant de l’acception qui considère le contexte comme environnement homogène proche du signe linguistique et de même nature, à celle qui l'appréhende comme environnement lointain et hétérogène de par sa composition, les sciences du langage se retrouvent face à des mutations épistémologiques. Devant le foisonnement de définitions et de théories, notre réflexion porte, essentiellement, sur les mutations épistémologiques qu’a connues le concept contexte à travers les différentes théories qui le considèrent comme noyau de leurs thèses. A travers cet article, nous tenterons de mettre en évidence l’évolution qu’a connue ce concept. Ainsi de l'approche immanente, désormais classique ou révolue selon certains linguistes, aux approches textuelles et discursives en perpétuelles mutations et en pleine prolifération, quel peut être aujourd'hui, la conception la plus exhaustive sur laquelle pourraient s'entendre les spécialistes ?
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