Estudio de los personajes míticos, exóticos y sobrenaturales en las leyendas orientales de Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer Study of the Mythical, Exotic and Supernatural Characters in the Oriental Legends of Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: This article aims to shed light on different crossings, interferences, interculturalities and considerable literary evolution between East and West, that was inherited from remote times creating an influence which look like a pearl necklace where the first pearl complete the next one. Spanish literature has always been inspired by traditional oriental Arabic poetry such as the Qasidah, located in the Andalusian historical past that had its roots in the pre-Islamic Arabic literature of the Jahiliya. In order for this influence to be justified, we have focused on the legends of Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, from Seville author inspired by Eastern mythology, especially Arabic and Hindu that he adopted, thanks to his readings of authors such as Conde de Noroña (1760-1816). Famous with his book Asiatic Poems (1833) that opened the taste for what is exotic and for what is oriental. That romanticists like Bécquer used to feed their imaginations creating legendary, exotic, supernatural and, above all, mythical characters from Arab and Hindu mythology, creating, in this way, simultaneously a great diversity and richness of themes nourished by traditions and distant beliefs.
RESUMEN: Este artículo tiene como objetivo arrojar luz sobre distintos cruces, interferencias, interculturalidades y evolución literaria considerable entre Oriente y Occidente que se heredó desde tiempos remotos creando una influencia que se asemeja a un collar de perlas donde la primera perla llama a la siguiente. La literatura española siempre se inspiró en la poesía árabe tradicional oriental tal como la qasidah, ubicada en su pasado histórico andaluz que tuvo su raíz en la literatura preislámica árabe del Yahiliya. Para que quede justificada esta influencia, nos hemos focalizado en las leyendas de Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (1836-1870), un autor sevillano inspirado en la mitología oriental, en especial, árabe e hindú que adoptó gracias a sus lecturas de autores como Conde de Noroña (1760-1816) célebre por su libro Poesías asiáticas (1833), que abrió el gusto por lo exótico y lo oriental, que los romanticistas como Bécquer se sirvieron para alimentar sus imaginaciones creando personajes legendarios, exóticos, sobrenaturales y, sobre todo, míticos de la mitología árabe e hindú, creando, de esta manera, simultáneamente una gran diversidad y riqueza temáticas nutridas de tradiciones y creencias lejanas.
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