Writing from Sources in Second Language Contexts: A Systematic Review of a Decade (2013–2023) Literature
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Published:
Jun 1, 2025
Keywords:
Intertextuality, Intertextual Practices, Review, Second-Language, L2 Writing
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Abstract
This review synthesises a decade (2013-2023) of research on non-transgressive intertextuality in a second language context. It examines the myriad manifestations of intertextuality in diverse contexts and the various strategies researchers employ to offer distinctive perspectives on the concept. The study categorises the findings into three thematic areas: sociocultural and ideological dimensions, which focus on issues of power, identity, and ideologies in discourses; cultural and disciplinary variations, which focus on power, identity and language ideologies in discourse; cultural and disciplinary variations highlighting cross-disciplinary and cultural influences; and cognitive and pedagogical dimensions, which explore the mental and instructional processes underpinning academic literacy development in second-language contexts. The review highlights the need for a working definition of non-transgressive intertextuality and proposes a layered typology that encompasses ethical, rhetorical, and strategic intertextual practices. While critical and cognitive influences are dominant in the literature, significant gaps remain in the developmental aspects, particularly for emerging writers. Furthermore, it underscores a lack of clarity in task expectations, minimal empirical focus on pedagogical design, teacher mediation, and the limited application of technology and multimodal tools in scaffolding intertextual competence. The findings have significant implications for L2 writing instruction, curriculum design, and policy, suggesting a shift toward culturally responsive, critically oriented, and cognitively supportive pedagogy in multilingual contexts.
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How to Cite
Owusu Debrah, C. (2025). Writing from Sources in Second Language Contexts: A Systematic Review of a Decade (2013–2023) Literature. ALTRALANG Journal, 7(1), 417-429. https://doi.org/10.52919/altralang.v7i1.550
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References
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• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
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• Dobakhti, L., & Zohrabi, M. (2018). Citation behaviours of applied linguists in discussion sections of research articles. Applied Research on English Language, 7(2), 215-236. https://doi.org/10.22108/are.2018.108465.1209
• Eckstein, G., Rawlins, J. D., Taylor, H., Briggs, H., Candland, A., Hanks, E., & Hill, S. (2022). Reporting verb variation across disciplines. Journal of Academic Language and Learning, 16(1),59-75.https://scholarsarchive.byu.ed/facpub/6373
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• Flowerdew, J., & Li, Y. (2007). Plagiarism and second language writing in an electronic age. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 27, 161-183.
• Flowerdew, L. (1998). Corpus linguistic techniques applied to text linguistics. System, 26(4), 541-552.
• Gervasio, M. A., Aono, A. O., & Kisala, N. (2021). An analysis of the intertextuality of social Media: The discourse of Chuka University students on WhatsApp platforms. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, 4(2), 11-26 https://doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2022.4.2.2
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• Howard, R. M. (1995). Plagiarisms, authorships, and the academic death penalty. College English, 57(7), 788–806.
• Johnson, N. P., & McLean, E. (2020). Discourse analysis. International Encylopedia of human Geography (second edition). Elsevier.
• Ketabi, S., & Rahavard, S. (2013). Cultural variations across academic genres: A generic analysis of intertextuality in master's theses introductions. English Language Teaching, 6(11), 148-159. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n11p148
• Karpenko-Seccombe, T. (2016). Intertextuality as cognitive modelling: English text construction. Text Construction, 9(2), 244-267. https://doi.org/10.1075/text.9.2.07kar
• Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in language: A semiotic approach to literature and art (T. Gora, A. Jardin, & L. S. Roudiez, Trans.; L. S. Roudiez, Ed.). Columbia University Press.
• Lai, M. W. C. (2022). Uncovering the complexities in writing from sources from an activity theory perspective: A cross-case analysis of Chinese international graduate students in Education (Doctoral dissertation, University of Toronto, Canada).
• Lee, J. J., Hitchcock, C., & Casal, J. E. (2018). Citation practices of L2 University students in first-year writing: Form, function, and stance. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 33, 1-11.
• Li, Z., Makarova, V., & Wang, Z. (2023). Developing literature review writing and Citation practices through an online writing tutorial series: Corpus-based evidence. Frontiers in Communication, 8, 1035394. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2023.1035394
• Li, Y., & Casanave, C. P. (2012). Two first-year students’ strategies for writing from sources: Patchwriting or plagiarism? Journal of Second Language Writing, 21(2), 165-180.
• Maclean, M., Harvey, C., Sillince, J. A. A., & Golant, B. D. (2018). Intertextuality, Rhetorical history and the uses of the past in organisational transition. Organization Studies, 39(12), 1733-1755. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840618789206
• Martin, J. R., & White, P. R. R. (2005). Language of evaluation. Palgrave MacMillan.
• McCarthy, K. S., Yan, E. F., Allen, L. K., Sonia, A. N., Magliano, J. P., & McNamara, D. S. (2022). On the basis of source: Impacts of individual differences on document integrated reading and writing tasks. Learning and Instruction, 79, 101599.
• Mireku, D. O., Dzamesi, P. D., & Bervell, B. (2023). Plagiarism in Higher Education (PLAGiHE) within Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of a decade (2012–2022) literature. Research Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470161231139218
• Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group. (2009). Preferred Reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, 151(4), 264-269. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819 151-4-200908180-00135
• Moloi, A. C., & Bojabotseha, T. P. (2014). A Critical Discourse Analysis of Intertextuality and Interdiscursivity in the African National Congress Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy Vol 3 No 4 July 2014
• Mori, M. S. (2014). Negotiating ownership when incorporating outside sources: A qualitative study with multilingual undergraduate students (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Davis). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database.
• Nguyen, Q., & Buckingham, L. (2019). Source-use expectations in assignments: The Perceptions And practices of Vietnamese master's students. English for Specific Purposes, 53, 90-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2018.10.001
• Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., ... & Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, p. 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
• Petrić, B., & Harwood, N. (2013). Task requirements, task representation, and self-reported citation functions: An exploratory study of a successful L2 student's writing. Journaof of English for Academic Purposes, 12(2), 110-124.
• Pecorari, D. (2003). Good and original: Plagiarism and patchwriting in academic second-language writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 12(4), 317–345.
• Pecorari, D. (2006). Visible and occluded citation features in postgraduate second-language writing. English for Specific Purposes, 25(1), 4–29.
• Pecorari, D. (2016). Writing from sources, plagiarism, and textual borrowing. In R. M. Manchón & P. K. Matsuda (Eds.), Handbook of second and foreign writing (pp. 329-346). De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781614511335-016
• Pecorari, D., & Petrić, B. (2014). Plagiarism in second-language writing. Language Teaching, 47(3), 269-302. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444813000113
• Ramoroka, B. T. (2014). Integration of sources in academic writing: A corpus-based study of citation practices in essay writing in two departments at the University of Botswana. Reading & Writing - Journal of the Reading Association of South Africa, 5(1), 1-7.
• Ronan, B. (2015). Intertextuality and dialogic interaction in students’ online text construction. Literacy Research: Theory, Method, and Practice, 64, 379-397.https://doi.org/10.1177/2381336915617613
• Schank, R. C. (1999). Dynamic memory revisited. Cambridge University Press.
• Scollon, S. W. (2004). Nexus analysis: Discourse and the emerging internet. Routledge.
• Sun, Q., Kuzborska, I., & Soden, B. (2022). Learning to construct authorial voice through citations: A longitudinal case study of L2 postgraduate novice writers. System, 106, Article 102765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2022.102765
• Sun, Q., & Soden, B. (2022). The representation of source use in academic writing textbooks, ELT Journal, 76(4), 497–507, https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccab058
• Swales, J. M. (1990). Genre analysis. Cambridge University Press.
• Swales, J. M. (2014). Variation in citational practice in a corpus of student biology papers: From parenthetical plonking to intertextual storytelling. Written Communication, 31(2), 118–141. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088313515166
• Thompson, G., & Ye, Y. (1991). Evaluation of the reporting verbs used in academic papers. Applied Linguistics, 12(4), 365-382.
• Thornton, L. (2019). “That’s the way I did it”: A mixed methods study of the intertextual practices of first-year undergraduate health sciences students (Doctoral dissertation, University of Sydney). Retrieved from https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/21684
• Twumasi, R. A., & Afful, J. B. A. (2022). Functions of citation in the literature review section of MPhil theses. Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 4(2), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2022.4.2.2
• Vahdani, F., & Mir Saeed, S. M. G. (2015). An investigation into the representation of Intertextuality in the ELT series Four Corners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(4), 875-882. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0504.26
• Van Dijk, T. A. (2001). Discourse, ideology, and context.
• Velykoroda, Y., & Moroz, O. (2021). Intertextuality in media discourse: A reader’s Perspective. Explorations in English Language and Linguistics, 9(1), 56-79. https://doi.org/10.2478/exell-2022-0003
• Wang, W. (2006). Newspaper commentaries on terrorism in China and Australia: A Contrastive genre study. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1701
• Wang, W. (2016). Intertextual practices in academic writing by Chinese ESL students. Applied Linguistics Review, 7, 53-72. https://doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2016-0003
• Wiemeyer, L. (2021). Intertextuality in foreign-language academic writing in English: A mixed-methods study of university students’ writing products and processes in source-based disciplinary assignments (Doctoral thesis, University of Bremen).
• Wette, R. (2018). Source-based writing in a health sciences essay: Year 1 students' perceptions, abilities, and strategies. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 36, 61-75.
• White, P. (2005). Appraisal website. Retrieved from http://www.grammatics.com/appraisal/
• Xing, C., & Feng, D. (2023). Multimodal intertextuality and persuasion in advertising discourse. Discourse and Communication, 17(5), 613-629. https://doi.org/10.1177/17504813231170579
• Allen, G. (2000). Intertextuality. Routledge.
• Allen, G. (2011). Intertextuality. Routledge.
• Al-Abbasi, Z. H. K., Alkhafaji, H. A. H., & Farhan, H. (2022). The pragmatic Reflection of Intertextuality in Dover Beach. Texas Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 7, 40-51. https://zienjournals.com
• Ali, A., & Aslam, A. (2016). Intertextuality: An effective tool in selling products Through Advertisements. PUTAJ – Humanities and Social Sciences, 23(2), 141-150.
• Alramadan, M. M. (2023). Citation behaviour, audience awareness, and identity construction in Arabic and EFL research. Heliyon, 9(2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon. 2023.e1312
• Bahadorfar, R., & Gholami, J. (2017). Types and functions of citations in a master’s thesis theses across Disciplines and languages. Discourse and Interaction, 10(2), 27-45. https://doi.org/10.5817/DI2017-2-27
• Bakhtin, M. (1981). The dialogic imagination: Four essays. University of Texas Press.
• Baron, S. (2019). The birth of intertextuality: The riddle of creativity. Routledge.
• Bazerman, C. (2004). Intertextuality: How texts rely on other texts. In C. Bazerman & P. Prior (Eds.), What writing does and how it does it (pp. 83-96). Erlbaum.
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
• Bullo, S. (2017). Investigating intertextuality and interdiscursivity in evaluation: The case of conceptual blending. Language and Cognition, 9(4), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2017.5
• Chandrasoma, R., Thompson, C., & Pennycook, A. (2004). Beyond plagiarism: Transgressive and nontransgressive intertextuality. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 3, 171-193. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327701jlie0303_1
• Cumming, A., Lai, C., & Cho, H. (2016). Students' writing from sources for academic purposes purposes: A synthesis of recent research. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 23, 47-58.
• Dobakhti, L., & Zohrabi, M. (2018). Citation behaviours of applied linguists in discussion sections of research articles. Applied Research on English Language, 7(2), 215-236. https://doi.org/10.22108/are.2018.108465.1209
• Eckstein, G., Rawlins, J. D., Taylor, H., Briggs, H., Candland, A., Hanks, E., & Hill, S. (2022). Reporting verb variation across disciplines. Journal of Academic Language and Learning, 16(1),59-75.https://scholarsarchive.byu.ed/facpub/6373
• Evison, J. (2010). What are the basics of analysing a corpus? In The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Linguistics (pp. 122-135). Routledge.
• Fairclough, N. (1992). Intertextuality in critical discourse analysis. Linguistics and education, pp. 4, 269–293.
• Fauconnier, G., & Turner, M. (2002). The way we think: Conceptual blending and the mind's hidden complexities. Basic Books.
• Farrelly, M. (2019). Rethinking intertextuality in CDA. Critical Discourse Studies, 17(4), 359-376. https://doi.org/10.10800/17405904-2019.1609538
• Flowerdew, J., & Li, Y. (2007). Plagiarism and second language writing in an electronic age. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 27, 161-183.
• Flowerdew, L. (1998). Corpus linguistic techniques applied to text linguistics. System, 26(4), 541-552.
• Gervasio, M. A., Aono, A. O., & Kisala, N. (2021). An analysis of the intertextuality of social Media: The discourse of Chuka University students on WhatsApp platforms. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, 4(2), 11-26 https://doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2022.4.2.2
• Groom, N. (2000). Attribution and averral revisited: Three perspectives on manifest intertextuality in academic writing. In P. Thompson (Ed.), Patterns and perspectives: Insights into EAP writing practice (pp. 14–25). The University of Reading.
• Hodges, A. (2015). Intertextuality in discourse: The Handbook of discourse analysis (2nd ed., Vol. 1). Wiley Blackwell. http://works.bepress.com/adamhodges/53/
• Holmes, J. (2004). Intertextuality in EAP: An African context. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 3, 73-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2003.12.001
• Howard, R. M. (1995). Plagiarisms, authorships, and the academic death penalty. College English, 57(7), 788–806.
• Johnson, N. P., & McLean, E. (2020). Discourse analysis. International Encylopedia of human Geography (second edition). Elsevier.
• Ketabi, S., & Rahavard, S. (2013). Cultural variations across academic genres: A generic analysis of intertextuality in master's theses introductions. English Language Teaching, 6(11), 148-159. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n11p148
• Karpenko-Seccombe, T. (2016). Intertextuality as cognitive modelling: English text construction. Text Construction, 9(2), 244-267. https://doi.org/10.1075/text.9.2.07kar
• Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in language: A semiotic approach to literature and art (T. Gora, A. Jardin, & L. S. Roudiez, Trans.; L. S. Roudiez, Ed.). Columbia University Press.
• Lai, M. W. C. (2022). Uncovering the complexities in writing from sources from an activity theory perspective: A cross-case analysis of Chinese international graduate students in Education (Doctoral dissertation, University of Toronto, Canada).
• Lee, J. J., Hitchcock, C., & Casal, J. E. (2018). Citation practices of L2 University students in first-year writing: Form, function, and stance. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 33, 1-11.
• Li, Z., Makarova, V., & Wang, Z. (2023). Developing literature review writing and Citation practices through an online writing tutorial series: Corpus-based evidence. Frontiers in Communication, 8, 1035394. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2023.1035394
• Li, Y., & Casanave, C. P. (2012). Two first-year students’ strategies for writing from sources: Patchwriting or plagiarism? Journal of Second Language Writing, 21(2), 165-180.
• Maclean, M., Harvey, C., Sillince, J. A. A., & Golant, B. D. (2018). Intertextuality, Rhetorical history and the uses of the past in organisational transition. Organization Studies, 39(12), 1733-1755. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840618789206
• Martin, J. R., & White, P. R. R. (2005). Language of evaluation. Palgrave MacMillan.
• McCarthy, K. S., Yan, E. F., Allen, L. K., Sonia, A. N., Magliano, J. P., & McNamara, D. S. (2022). On the basis of source: Impacts of individual differences on document integrated reading and writing tasks. Learning and Instruction, 79, 101599.
• Mireku, D. O., Dzamesi, P. D., & Bervell, B. (2023). Plagiarism in Higher Education (PLAGiHE) within Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of a decade (2012–2022) literature. Research Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470161231139218
• Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group. (2009). Preferred Reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, 151(4), 264-269. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819 151-4-200908180-00135
• Moloi, A. C., & Bojabotseha, T. P. (2014). A Critical Discourse Analysis of Intertextuality and Interdiscursivity in the African National Congress Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy Vol 3 No 4 July 2014
• Mori, M. S. (2014). Negotiating ownership when incorporating outside sources: A qualitative study with multilingual undergraduate students (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Davis). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database.
• Nguyen, Q., & Buckingham, L. (2019). Source-use expectations in assignments: The Perceptions And practices of Vietnamese master's students. English for Specific Purposes, 53, 90-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2018.10.001
• Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., ... & Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, p. 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
• Petrić, B., & Harwood, N. (2013). Task requirements, task representation, and self-reported citation functions: An exploratory study of a successful L2 student's writing. Journaof of English for Academic Purposes, 12(2), 110-124.
• Pecorari, D. (2003). Good and original: Plagiarism and patchwriting in academic second-language writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 12(4), 317–345.
• Pecorari, D. (2006). Visible and occluded citation features in postgraduate second-language writing. English for Specific Purposes, 25(1), 4–29.
• Pecorari, D. (2016). Writing from sources, plagiarism, and textual borrowing. In R. M. Manchón & P. K. Matsuda (Eds.), Handbook of second and foreign writing (pp. 329-346). De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781614511335-016
• Pecorari, D., & Petrić, B. (2014). Plagiarism in second-language writing. Language Teaching, 47(3), 269-302. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444813000113
• Ramoroka, B. T. (2014). Integration of sources in academic writing: A corpus-based study of citation practices in essay writing in two departments at the University of Botswana. Reading & Writing - Journal of the Reading Association of South Africa, 5(1), 1-7.
• Ronan, B. (2015). Intertextuality and dialogic interaction in students’ online text construction. Literacy Research: Theory, Method, and Practice, 64, 379-397.https://doi.org/10.1177/2381336915617613
• Schank, R. C. (1999). Dynamic memory revisited. Cambridge University Press.
• Scollon, S. W. (2004). Nexus analysis: Discourse and the emerging internet. Routledge.
• Sun, Q., Kuzborska, I., & Soden, B. (2022). Learning to construct authorial voice through citations: A longitudinal case study of L2 postgraduate novice writers. System, 106, Article 102765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2022.102765
• Sun, Q., & Soden, B. (2022). The representation of source use in academic writing textbooks, ELT Journal, 76(4), 497–507, https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccab058
• Swales, J. M. (1990). Genre analysis. Cambridge University Press.
• Swales, J. M. (2014). Variation in citational practice in a corpus of student biology papers: From parenthetical plonking to intertextual storytelling. Written Communication, 31(2), 118–141. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088313515166
• Thompson, G., & Ye, Y. (1991). Evaluation of the reporting verbs used in academic papers. Applied Linguistics, 12(4), 365-382.
• Thornton, L. (2019). “That’s the way I did it”: A mixed methods study of the intertextual practices of first-year undergraduate health sciences students (Doctoral dissertation, University of Sydney). Retrieved from https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/21684
• Twumasi, R. A., & Afful, J. B. A. (2022). Functions of citation in the literature review section of MPhil theses. Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 4(2), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2022.4.2.2
• Vahdani, F., & Mir Saeed, S. M. G. (2015). An investigation into the representation of Intertextuality in the ELT series Four Corners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(4), 875-882. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0504.26
• Van Dijk, T. A. (2001). Discourse, ideology, and context.
• Velykoroda, Y., & Moroz, O. (2021). Intertextuality in media discourse: A reader’s Perspective. Explorations in English Language and Linguistics, 9(1), 56-79. https://doi.org/10.2478/exell-2022-0003
• Wang, W. (2006). Newspaper commentaries on terrorism in China and Australia: A Contrastive genre study. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1701
• Wang, W. (2016). Intertextual practices in academic writing by Chinese ESL students. Applied Linguistics Review, 7, 53-72. https://doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2016-0003
• Wiemeyer, L. (2021). Intertextuality in foreign-language academic writing in English: A mixed-methods study of university students’ writing products and processes in source-based disciplinary assignments (Doctoral thesis, University of Bremen).
• Wette, R. (2018). Source-based writing in a health sciences essay: Year 1 students' perceptions, abilities, and strategies. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 36, 61-75.
• White, P. (2005). Appraisal website. Retrieved from http://www.grammatics.com/appraisal/
• Xing, C., & Feng, D. (2023). Multimodal intertextuality and persuasion in advertising discourse. Discourse and Communication, 17(5), 613-629. https://doi.org/10.1177/17504813231170579