Le contexte, un levier essentiel dans une perspective d’analyse du discours The Context, an Essential Lever in Discourse Analysis Perspective
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: Linguistics is currently undergoing an evolution where semiotic thresholds and the compartmentalization of research fields are giving way to the diversity of signs and interdisciplinary perspectives. Indeed, the levels of analysis have multiplied and increasingly aim to dissect the mechanisms of meaning construction revolving around production, reception, and interpretation. However, arriving at meaning requires determining the context of production beforehand. The concept of context is subject to debate due to its polysemic nature. Is it a concept belonging to logical-grammatical or hermeneutic domains? This question deserves analysis as it forms the basis for all theoretical approaches, the connections between texts and discourses, and the interconnections between the social sciences and humanities. We will delve into the different variations in the meaning of context depending on the linguistic approach and its centrality in discourse analysis.
RÉSUMÉ : La linguistique est dans une phase d’évolution où les seuils sémiotiques et le cloisonnement des domaines de recherche ont tendance à laisser la place à la diversité des signes et des perspectives d’interdisciplinarité. En effet, les niveaux d’analyse se sont multipliés et tendent de plus en plus à décortiquer les mécanismes de construction du sens qui tournent autour de la production, de la réception et de l’interprétation. Toutefois, on ne peut arriver au sens sans au préalable déterminer le contexte de production. Le contexte fait l’objet de débats de par son caractère polysémique. Est-il un concept relevant de la logico-grammaticale ou de l’herméneutique ? Cette question mérite d’être analysée, car c’est ce sur quoi reposent toutes les approches théoriques, les connexions entre les textes et les discours ainsi que les connexions entre les sciences sociales et les sciences humaines. Nous ne manquerons pas de nous attarder sur les différentes variations de sens du contexte selon qu’on se situe d’une approche linguistique à une autre et sa centralité en analyse du discours.
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