De la légitimité des chanteurs zouglou dans l’espace politique ivoirien On the Legitimacy of Zouglou Singers in Ivorian Political Space
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: Since ancient times, political discourse has been defined as a discourse about the management of the city-state. Following Charaudeau (2005), it is produced by three entities: the political entity (leaders and opposition), the media entity, and the citizen entity. Each of these entities is attributed specific functions. For example, the political entity produces discourse that announces, justifies, or questions political actions, while the other entities produce analyses or commentary on the acts or statements of the first entity. In any case, these different productions must be situated within a context that justifies their political nature. Based on Charaudeau's proposed places of political discourse production, Lezou Koffi and Adou (2019) show that zouglou, an urban music genre in Côte d'Ivoire born in a context of socio-economic and political demands, exhibits characteristics of political nature. They demonstrate that zouglou lyrics carry ideals of society and can be inscribed within a communicative contract that positions them as political commentary. Building upon this reflection, we aim to question the mechanisms of constructing legitimacy for zouglou artists as political actors within their lyrics.
RÉSUMÉ : Depuis l’Antiquité, le discours politique est défini comme un discours sur la gestion de la cité. Admettons avec Charaudeau (2005) qu’il est produit par trois instances : l’instance politique (les dirigeants et les opposants), l’instance médiatique et l’instance citoyenne. A chacune de ces instances, il attribue des fonctions spécifiques. Par exemple, l’instance politique produit un discours qui annonce, justifie ou remet en cause des actions politiques, tandis que les autres instances produisent des analyses ou des commentaires sur les actes ou les dires de la première instance. Dans tous les cas, ces différentes productions doivent être inscrites dans un contexte qui justifie leur caractère politique. Ainsi, en s’appuyant sur les lieux de fabrication du discours politique proposés par Charaudeau, Lezou Koffi et Adou (2019) montrent que le zouglou, musique urbaine de Côte d’Ivoire née dans un contexte de revendications socio-économiques et politiques, présente des traits de politicité. Pour ce faire, ils démontrent que les textes zouglou sont porteurs d’idéaux de société, peuvent être inscrits dans un contrat de communication qui les pose comme un commentaire politique. A la suite de cette réflexion, nous voudrions questionner les mécanismes de la construction d’une légitimité des artistes zouglou en tant qu’acteurs politiques dans leurs textes.
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