Problématique de l’altération discursive dans la presse camerounaise : de la pictographie médiatique comme mise en mots du tiers-parlant des « émeutes urbaines de la faim » de 2008 Problem of Discursive Alteration in the Cameroonian Press: Media Pictography as the Verbalization of the "Third-Speaking" In The "Urban Riots of Hunger" in 2008
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: The "hunger riots" that affected most African countries in 2008 also led to a significant discursive production in Cameroon, which was extensively relayed by the media. Assuming that "media discourse is essentially a mediator of other discourses" (Moirand, 2006), this reflection questions the mediation manifested in and through the "multicode discourse" of the press cartoons. Drawing inspiration from "new considerations on the semiolinguistics of alteration," the study, based on a corpus of cartoons published in newspapers between February 13th and March 13th, 2008, posits that "any verbalization of the third-speaking as an act of reported discourse entails an evaluative attitude towards the reported speech" (Peytard, 1992, p.75). It then decrypts the modes of articulation of the "reported discourse" in and through the reporting discourse of the press cartoons and deduces the discursive relationship between the journalistic text and the pictographic text.
RÉSUMÉ: Les « émeutes de la faim » qui frappent la plus part des pays africains en 2008, donnent lieu au Cameroun, à une abondante production discursive que les médias relayent abondamment. Postulant que « les discours des médias sont essentiellement des discours ‘médiateurs’ d’autres discours » (Moirand, 2006), la présente réflexion questionne la médiation manifestée dans et avec le « discours pluricode » de la presse dessinée. S’inspirant des « nouvelles considérations sur la sémiolinguistique de l’altération », l’étude qui s’appuie sur un corpus de dessins tirés des journaux parus entre le 13 févier et le 13 mars 2008, pose que « toute mise en mots du tiers-parlant comme acte de discours relaté comporte une attitude évaluative de la parole relatée » (Peytard, 1992 , p.75). Elle décrypte alors les modes d’articulation du « discours relaté » sur et dans le discours relatant de la presse dessinée et en déduit la relation discursive entre le texte journalistique et le texte pictographique.
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